Check hoses before transferring cargo

In a recent incident, the transfer of an oil cargo during a ship-to-ship (STS) transfer had to be halted due to failure of equipment supplied by the offshore terminal.

UK P&I club investigated the incident, described below:

A tanker was fixed to load a petroleum product cargo at an offshore anchorage by ship-to-ship transfer.

After making fast alongside the storage vessel, cargo tanks were inspected and preloading checklists completed.

A flexible cargo hose supplied by the STS service provider was connected between the respective vessels’ manifolds.

During transfer operations, the cargo hose ruptured near the receiving vessel’s manifold, causing oil to spray on deck and overboard.

The crew responded immediately by raising the alarm, instructing the storage vessel to stop the transfer and by taking prompt action to confine and collect oil spillage on deck.

Only a very small quantity of oil was released into the sea.

“The investigation into the incident concluded that the failure of the hose was related to its condition as there was no evidence the agreed pumping rate or pressure in the system was exceeded. Markings on the hose indicated it was last pressure-tested more than two years before the incident and no valid certificate of inspection and test could be produced on demand.

“The crew should carefully inspect transfer hoses as far as safely accessible and request access to the hose documentation, cross checking that identification markings match up and protesting any defects or anomalies. Industry guidelines require that periodic tests of hoses are undertaken at intervals not exceeding 12 months,” said UK P&I senior loss prevention executive Capt David Nichol.

Following an investigation, the UK P&I Club recommended that:

• STS transfer operations must be performed taking into consideration the requirements of the vessel’s STS operations plan, Marpol regulations for the prevention of pollution during transfer of oil at sea, the STS guide and the vessel safety management system.
• Cargo transfer hoses should be fit for purpose and provided with valid records of test and inspection.
• Any evidence of deficient or non-compliant transfer hoses should be protested and thereafter investigated/rectified by the responsible party.
• This incident demonstrates the vital importance of the crew keeping a vigilant deck watch during transfer operations and in responding rapidly to contain a spill in accordance with drilled procedures.